Increasing numbers of Korean adults, especially women, are adopting vegetarian diets for various reasons. In this study,the characteristics of vegetarianism among females residing in Seoul were examined. In addition, the dietary habits andeating behaviors between vegetarians and non-vegetarians were investigated. A total of 148 females (73 vegetarians, 75non-vegetarians) were recruited and questionnaires regarding their demographic characteristics and eating habits werecompleted. The eating behavior and daily intake of food groups was assessed using the three factor eating questionnaire-R18 (TFEQ-R18) and food frequency questionnaire, respectively. The ages, BMI, education, and religious affiliation werenot significantly different between the two groups. More than 30% of vegetarians had followed a vegetarian diet for longerthan 24 months. The most common motivations for vegetarianism in study participants were ‘health or weight control’(46.6%) followed by ‘environmental concerns or animal welfare’ (24.7%). Vegetarians had a lower intake of cereals, Kimchi,and soda, but a higher intake of potatoes and sweet potatoes, vegetables, mushrooms, seaweed, and fruits compared tonon-vegetarians. Significant differences in eating behavior scores were also found between the two groups; in particular,vegetarians reported higher levels of restrained eating and emotional eating than non-vegetarians. Scores of uncontrolledeating, however, were not significantly different between the two groups. In conclusion, these results suggest that whilevegetarianism is associated with healthy dietary habits, it is associated with restrained eating behaviors which may increasethe risk of eating disorders in women.